US launches review of AUKUS submarine deal; Australia confident pact will proceed

The United States has started a formal review of the AUKUS submarine agreement. This pact includes the U.S., the United Kingdom, and Australia. The review comes as U.S. defense officials assess their ability to deliver nuclear-powered submarines. Despite the review, Australia says the deal remains on track and will move forward.

What Is AUKUS?

AUKUS is a trilateral defense agreement launched in 2021. Its main goal is to boost security in the Indo-Pacific region. Under the deal, Australia will get nuclear-powered submarines with help from the U.S. and UK. These submarines will greatly improve Australia’s defense capabilities.

AUKUS also responds to growing concerns over China’s military expansion. The submarines will help Australia patrol key waters and maintain regional stability. The plan includes three Virginia-class submarines from the U.S., followed by a new class—SSN-AUKUS—built jointly with the UK.

Why Is the U.S. Reviewing the Deal?

The review began due to growing pressure on the U.S. submarine production system. Currently, U.S. shipyards produce only 1.2 submarines a year. However, the U.S. Navy needs at least two per year. Before sending submarines to Australia, the U.S. must meet its own fleet demands.

This shortfall raised concerns about whether America can deliver to both its military and Australia. The review will assess if the U.S. can support AUKUS without affecting its defense readiness. Officials plan to complete the review within 30 days.

Australia’s Clear Response

Australia responded with confidence. Deputy Prime Minister and Defence Minister Richard Marles said the review is expected. He noted that new U.S. administrations often reassess global agreements.

Marles said the discussions between the three countries remain productive. He believes the partnership is strong and won’t change course. “We’re in this for the long haul,” he told reporters. “The pact has support across both political parties in the U.S.”

Defense Spending in Focus

One issue likely to arise is Australia’s defense spending. At around 2.3% of its GDP, it’s lower than the 3.5% the U.S. prefers. Some American officials want Australia to raise its investment in defense.

Australia has already committed funds for a nuclear submarine base and shipbuilding infrastructure. Training programs and supply chains are also part of the country’s preparation.

Political and Public Debate

The AUKUS deal faces criticism in Australia as well. Some Green Party leaders and analysts argue that Australia may lose control over its defense choices. They worry that the pact ties the country too closely to U.S. policy.

Others say the cost—about AUD 368 billion—is too high. But supporters argue that the benefits outweigh the costs. They believe the submarines will strengthen Australia’s security at a time of rising regional threats.

What Could Happen Next?

Officials expect the U.S. review to end within a month. While changes to the timeline or delivery method are possible, a complete reversal seems unlikely. The U.S. might ask Australia to increase funding or take on more technical responsibilities.

The review could also lead to improved local shipbuilding and job creation in Australia. This would align with the deal’s long-term goals of building domestic capability.

Final Thoughts

The U.S. review of AUKUS reflects genuine concerns about submarine production and military readiness. However, it does not suggest the end of the deal. Australia’s clear and steady response shows its commitment to the agreement.

As the Indo-Pacific region faces growing tensions, the need for strong alliances becomes more urgent. AUKUS remains a vital partnership. With the right adjustments, it can still achieve its core mission—a more secure and stable Indo-Pacific.